DOJ confirms Google breakup is a possible remedy in monopoly case

In a new development in the ongoing antitrust battle against Google, the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) late Tuesday outlined a series of potential remedies to the tech giant's dominance in the search engine market. Among these measures, the DOJ is considering structural changes that could lead to a breakup of the company, which currently controls about 90% of the search market.

The DOJ's recommendations were detailed in a recent filing, emphasizing the need for comprehensive actions to “prevent and restrain monopoly maintenance.” Proposed measures include new contract requirements, non-discrimination policies, data sharing and interoperability standards, and various structural changes. These remedies would seek to limit Google's use of its other products—such as Chrome, Android, and Google Play—to unfairly advantage its search services over competitors.

One key recommendation is the introduction of a “choice screen” that would allow users to select their preferred search engines, potentially disrupting Google’s lucrative default agreements with major device manufacturers like Apple and Samsung. These arrangements reportedly cost Google billions annually and significantly bolster its market presence.

The DOJ’s filing follows a landmark ruling in August by U.S. District Judge Amit Mehta, who affirmed that Google holds a monopoly in the search market and has violated the Sherman Act. The judge found that Google has maintained its dominance through strong barriers to entry and a self-sustaining feedback loop, effectively stifling competition.

In response to the DOJ's recommendations, Kent Walker, Google’s president of global affairs, indicated that the company plans to appeal the ruling, stressing the high quality of its search services—a point the judge acknowledged in his decision. Meanwhile, Google’s vice president of regulatory affairs, Lee-Anne Mulholland, criticized the DOJ's approach as “radical,” warning that it could have unintended consequences for various industries and consumer choice.

Legal experts suggest that while a complete breakup of Google is unlikely, the court may mandate changes to certain exclusive agreements, particularly those with Apple. This could lead to increased visibility for alternative search engines, fostering a more competitive environment.

The DOJ’s recommendations are still under consideration, and Judge Mehta is expected to issue a ruling on the proposed remedies by August 2025. However, an appeal from Google could prolong the process for years.

For now, the tech world is watching closely to see how this case unfolds. The DOJ's recommendations, if implemented, could reshape the landscape of the search market and have broader implications for other industries where Google maintains a dominant presence.